【Vista之家译】32位应用程序在64位Vista中的表现

当我这个月开始准备我对Windows Vista一年以来的体验，我不知道怎么去阐述。当我看了数秒钟Vista之后，我发现这个操作系统的情况还是比较好的，其实也并非十全十美，但绝对是值得XP用户升级的操作系统，我想我已经回不到XP时代了，这似乎稍微有点失落啊。

虽然微软已经花了很大力气，使64位操作系统的功能等同于主流的32位版本，但是我发现生活应用中，64位并非那么友好。是的，硬件和软件的兼容性Vista的X64比我预期的要好多了，远远比Windows XP 的X64专业版要好，但是他也存在很多问题，相当不科学的程序，以及游戏，硬件，等不兼容的东西。

这个问题，不仅仅需要一个兼容的操作系统那么简单。如果你不能得到最经常使用的软件或者游戏来在X64上使用，那么将懒的去升级。如果他不能兼容一半的硬件设备，谁还会去用他。Vista的X64黄金时间还没有到来，虽然微软在技术方面已经取得了很大的进步。

那么一年以后会是个什么情况呢？会有什么改变吗？Vista还要有很长的路要走。
我在这一年内的体验呢，本来64位版本的Vista很少人去使用，大部分用户都是技术人员。大量的兼容性问题已经被解决。并且有了比较系统的解决方案。虽然不是主流，但可以肯定的是，现在的适用性比一年以前要好很多。

测试Vista的X64，我首先禁用了我的桌面，这种操作在32位的Vista操作系统上没有任何问题。在大多数时间里，这个电脑作为我的一个媒体中心，连接着电视机机顶盒，从家庭办公和远程服务内容，到XBOX360媒体中心。因此，我和家人用了9个多月，并且，它表现的很出色。早在06年10月，我安装了vista家庭版电脑，并送了一个电视卡，我就将媒体中心的任务交给了这个电脑，当时我直接格式化了里面所有的数据，并且安装了Vista的64位服务器版。

根据我的经验，具有X64的Vista是相当具有特色的。到去年底首次发行的Windows更新以后，在安装操作系统，每一个单一的硬件设备都有驱动支持，对于系统来说，要支持所有的设备给用户使用。这就是Vista早期的成功。我有很深的印象：几乎所有的安装和运行近似完美。

如此美好的印象，让我把联想的Thinkpad T61安装了Vista的X64，这个过程虽然有点冗繁，也令人满意。但是有一个问题，并非责怪X64的所为，发生了这么一个事情：我发现Vista不支持一些硬件设备，需要驱动才行，幸好联想提供了系统更新应用软件，从他们网站上下载了支持包以后就可以用了。

最近我安装了Vista中，想装一个双系统，再装一个MAC OS X10.5，对我的MACBOOK，我希望测试64位安装在哪里比较好，但是苹果电脑只支持32位的Vista。

在一个传统的32位Vista操作系统上系统盘的驱动主要分为3个文件：程序文件，使用者和窗口。64位多出4个文件夹，程序文件（X86）的，他被用来兼容32位应用程序的安装使用。

除了内置的应用，大部分64位的应用也逐渐在开发中，一些明显的例外包括realplayer的11beta版（其实是个32的应用程序），还有office 2007以及Visual Studio 2008 beta 2。

以下是一些32位应用程序在64位中的表现。

Vista之家（www.vista123.com）提供原文如下：

When I began preparing my Windows Vista review one year ago this month, I wasn't sure how it was all going to turn out. But after looking at Vista with what I hoped were fresh eyes, I discovered that the new OS was quite good in fact; not perfect, no, but a dramatic and worthy upgrade for Windows XP users. I still like Vista quite a bit, and I could never return to XP, which seems antiquated and slightly dysfunctional to me now.

In that review of a year ago, I had one major qualm about Vista. While Microsoft had gone to great effort to the make 64-bit x64 variants of Vista the functional peers of the more mainstream 32-bit versions, I discovered that life in 64-bit lane circa late 2006 wasn't so hospitable. Yes, the hardware and software compatibility of Vista x64 was much better than I had anticipated, and certainly much better than that of Windows XP x64 Professional Edition. But there were niggling issues. A fairly unscientific run-through of the applications, games, and hardware I used regularly found a number of incompatible stumbling blocks.

The problem with this sort of thing is that it only takes a single important incompatibility to ruin an OS. If you can't get your most-often-needed application or game to work, why even bother upgrading? And if it can't configure half your hardware devices, how could you even use such a system? Vista x64, I opined, just wasn't ready for prime time, despite the many advances Microsoft had made.

Well, now it’s a year later. What's changed?
You've come a long way, baby

My, what a difference a year makes. Whereas the x64 versions of Vista were essentially non-starters a year ago for all but the most technical users, a huge amount of compatibility issues have since been fixed, making it far more of a mainstream solution. Well, not quite mainstream. But certainly something that's applicable to a much broader audience than I was comfortable recommending a year ago.

To test Vista x64, I first wiped out my main desktop, a system that had been running the 32-bit version of Windows Vista Ultimate since early December 2006 without a hitch. During most of that time, this PC performed double-duty as a Media Center PC, connected to a cable box here in the home office and remotely serving content to an Xbox 360 Media Center Extender in the den. It was, therefore, my family's primary television interface for about 9 months and it worked wonderfully. In early October 2007, I installed Vista Home Premium on an extra PC, tossed in a TV card, and pushed the Media Center duties over to this machine. I then backed up all my important data, wiped it out, and installed Vista Ultimate x64.

My experiences with x64 on this PC have been fantastic overall. By the end of the first run of Windows Updates after installing the OS, every single hardware device attached to the system had been correctly identified and supplied with the appropriate driver: A perfectly clean Device Manager that is the goal of every Windows install. Heartened by this early success, I then began running through my list of "always install" applications, which I'll document below. The result, again, was excellent: Virtually everything installed and runs perfectly. Very impressive.

So impressive, in fact, that I decided to wipe out my main notebook, a beloved widescreen Lenovo ThinkPad T61, and install Vista x64 on there as well. The process was a bit more troublesome, but still satisfactory, barring one huge problem that I'm not quite ready to blame on x64 quite yet. Here's what happened: First, I installed Vista Ultimate x64 and discovered a number of hardware devices that needed drivers. Fortunately, Lenovo supplies a System Update application, which you can download from their Web site, which will install these drivers as well as related ThinkPad-specific utilities. System Update works perfectly on x64 and installed all the appropriate drivers, as well as the few utilities I wanted (things like Access Connections for networking, an Easy Eject utility for the drive bay, Power Manager, and a few others).

The early prognosis was excellent, so I began installing applications and once again ran into the same success as I had witnessed on the desktop: Everything seemed to work just fine. There was just one problem: The ThinkPad started crashing, hard, when coming out of sleep. After mucking around with the power management settings and even testing the memory just in case, I decided to turn off Sleep mode and see if using Hibernation would fix the problem. Nope. The thing would randomly crash--often with a blue screen, which is actually quite rare on Vista in my experience--almost every time it returned from a power management state.

Concerned because I was taking the ThinkPad on a long weekend trip to Washington D.C., I tried to isolate the issue. To this date, I never have. I'm not sure if it's machine-specific, driver-specific, or literally confined to x64. The blue screen says that the culprit is clfs.sys, a new component in Vista called the Common Log File System Driver. (More info here.) I never did figure it out, and for the record, the notebook did survive the trip to DC without suffering any major mishaps.

I recently installed Vista in a dual-boot with Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard on my Macbook and was hoping to test the x64 install there as well, but Apple only supports 32-bit versions of Vista. I'm kind of running out of machines here, though I do have another ThinkPad I could probably press into service. I will definitely test x64 on at least one other notebook, but for now I'm not sure how to attribute the problems I've had on the ThinkPad.
32-bit applications in an x64 world

On a traditional 32-bit Windows Vista system, the root of your C: drive will be divided into three main folders: Program Files, Users, and Windows. The 64-bit variants add a fourth folder, Program Files (x86), which is used to house any 32-bit applications you install--most of them these days--while Program Files is reserved for true 64-bit applications.

Aside from the built-in applications, which are mostly 64-bit (Vista x64 does, however, include 32-bit versions of Windows Media Player 11 and Internet Explorer 7 for compatibility reasons), precious little got installed in the Program Files folder on either system. Some notable exceptions include RealPlayer 11 Beta (which is actually a 32-bit application), and some bits of Office 2007 and Visual Studio 2008 Beta 2.

Everything else was installed in Program Files (x86), which makes sense, since these applications are all 32-bit. Here's how things went with these applications...


As you can see, the list of 32-bit software that just works on Vista x64 far outweighs those that don't. Yeah, this is my own personal little subset of software, but I feel it's pretty representative of what's being run out there.

There are some weirdisms, of course. One thing I've noticed is that Open With--that list of options you get when you right-click a shortcut and choose Open With from the pop-up menu--defaults to the Programs Files directory, and not to Program Files (x86), where most of the applications actually are. No biggie, but if you don't know where to look, it could be confusing.

I'm also shocked how many of Microsoft's own products don't work with Vista x64, and really, shame on them for that. Windows Home Server is, perhaps, the most pointless example, since the client software's biggest bit of functionality is just a remote desktop-based console that's really running on the server anyway. There's absolutely no reason for that not to work.

The new and still-in-beta Windows Live suite is also a non-starter on x64 right now, though I'm told that Microsoft will fix this in the final release. For now, I've had to turn to some enterprising hackers, who have separated out the individual applications from the suite installer. And go figure, all of them work just fine in x64, except for Windows Live Family Safety, which I wasn't interested in installing anyway. That we're still dealing with unintelligent and x64-unfriendly installers at this point in time is astonishing to me.
Some hardware notes

For the most part, my hardware compatibility across two distinctly different systems with a variety of add-on hardware was exemplary. As is always the case, however, there were exceptions.

The worst one involves Apple's iPod and iPhone products. While the "traditional" iPods--iPod shuffle, iPod nano, and iPod classic--all work fine inside of Vista x64, syncing with iTunes as expected, the touch-screen iPod touch and iPhone are completely incompatible. That's a shame, and it forced me to maintain my music collection and other information on a separate 32-bit desktop just to keep the products in sync.

That said, hardware products that didn't work with x64 last year--like my HP scanner--work just fine now, thank you very much, giving credence to Microsoft's claims of ever-improving compatibility. The x64 compatibility picture, over time, has simply gotten a lot better.
Final thoughts

Unfortunately, I have to give the same basic advice about Vista x64 that I provided last year: If you have to ask, if you're unsure whether you should be using Vista x64, then the basic conclusion is still the same: You shouldn't be running Vista x64. That said, Vista x64 is considerably more viable now than it was a year ago. And it's moving quickly into the mainstream, though it's not quite there yet.

For the coming year, gamers, digital content creators, CAD-CAM workers, science and engineering users, and other power users who will run into the 4 GB ceiling in 32-bit versions of Windows are ideal candidates for Vista x64. These types of users understand the risks and the limitations of the x64 platform and don't really need my advice anyway. Enjoy the headroom.

Typical consumers, however, should stay away from Vista x64 for now. Though hardware and software compatibility has improved dramatically in the past year, normal users will get frustrated by the one or two incompatible applications or devices that are likely to occur. It's just not worth it. Not yet.

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